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Original early 19th-century copper engraving depicting pioneering railway and industrial transport systems, titled "Eisenbahnen auf schiefen Flächen" (Railways on Inclined Surfaces). This detailed technical plate illustrates inclined-plane railways, cable-hauled transport, braking mechanisms, mining wagons, and the hauling of ships over land—an important moment in pre-locomotive railway history during the early Industrial Revolution. Engraved and signed "M. Aigner sculp. Vienna" at lower right, this is plate no. 35 from a scientific/engineering compendium published circa 1830. The engraving is contemporary hand-colored, a desirable variant produced in smaller numbers than uncolored impressions. Details • Artist / Engraver: Josef Matthäus Aigner • Date: circa 1830 • Technique: Copper engraving on laid paper • Color: Original hand coloring (period) • Title: Eisenbahnen auf schiefen Flächen • Plate: Numbered 35 • Language: German • Origin: Vienna, Austria Dimensions • Paper: approx. 13.1 x 18.4 in (33.2 x 46.7 cm) • Plate mark: approx. 12.7 x 17.3 in (32.3 x 44.0 cm) Condition Very good antique condition consistent with age: • Light foxing and toning • Minor edge wear • No tears or restoration • Strong impression with visible plate mark